Culture

مساجد مكية ..وأحداث تاريخية

أحمد صالح حلبي

يعرف المسجد بأنه ” اسم مكان من سجَدَ: مُصلَّى الجماعة، مكان يصلّي الناس فيه جماعة ” ، و ” موضع السجود من بدن الإنسان وهي الجبهة والأنف واليدان والركبتان والقدمان ” ، و ” المَسْجِد أو الجامع هو دار عبادة المسلمين، وتُقام فيه الصلوات الخمس المفروضة وغيرها، وسمي مسجداً لأنه مكان للسجود لله، ويُطلق على المسجد أيضاً اسم جامع، وخاصةً إذا كان كبيراً، وفي الغالب يُطلق على اسم «جامع» لمن يجمع الناس لأداء صلاة الجمعة فيه فكل جامع مسجد وليس كل مسجد بجامع” .
ولعبت المساجد دورا بارزا في صدر الإسلام إذ كانت تؤدي العديد من الوظائف أولاها الشعائر الدينية المتمثلة في العبادة ، وكان لها دورها في المشورة إذ كانت مكانا لانعقاد مشاورات الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم ، والخلفاء الراشدون رضي الله عنهم إذ كانوا يتشاورون فيها في الكثير من القضايا سواء قضايا الحروب أو المعاهدات ، ولعبت المساجد دورا بارزا في التعليم فكانت تعقد بها حلقات العلم ، كما كانت دورا للرعاية ومأوى للمنقطعين وابن السبيل، وأهل الصّفة الذين لم يكن لهم مأوىً يسكنون فيه.
وهي محكمة يجتمع فيها الخصوم لحل مشاكلهم ، كما تعتبر المكان الذي يقوي الأواصر بين المسلمين ، ويحقق المساواة بينهم ، فترى الفقير بجانب الغني ، والصغير ملاصق للكبير ، والأبيض بجانب الأسود ، صفا واحدا متماسكين ، فتزداد الألفة وتصفو القلوب .
وأمام ما قامت به المساجد في مكة المكرمة من أدوار ، وما سجلته من أحداث ، في العصر النبوي خلال الفترة الواقعة بين بعثة النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم ووفاته ، وجدت لزاما علي الحديث عنها عبر سلسلة حلقات تحت عنوان ” مساجد مكية … وأحداث تاريخية ” ، ليتعرف القارئ عليها ويتوقف أمام تاريخها وأحداثها ، وما أدونه لا يمثل سردا تاريخيا للموقع ، لكنه يجمع بين معلومة الموقع والحدث ، والعمارة التي شهدها المسجد عبر العصور .

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